Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report

Highlights

  • Humanitarian partners continue to move additional aid supplies into Tigray via the Semera-Abala-Mekelle road bringing 250 trucks since 1 April.
  • Only 1.5 million people or 24 per cent of the total caseload assisted with food in Tigray since mid-October. 115 trucks of food required a day to reach all in need by end of May.
  • Amhara authorities continued with the relocation of displaced people, at a slower pace, relocating over 20,000 people from Kobo and over 4,000 people from Sekota since mid-March.
  • Over 10.4 million people out of the 11.6 million target caseload reached with food assistance in Amhara under the current food distribution which started on 22 December 2021.
  • About 90,000 people in Afar assisted with water trucking with the support of 23 trucks operating at displacement sites and Woredas with water shortage during the reporting period.
Ethiopia
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. © OCHA

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Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report

Key Figures

9.4M
People targeted in Amhara, Afar and Tigray
63,110
Refugees in Sudan since 7 November

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Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report

Funding

$957M
Requirements Northern Ethiopia
$338M
Outstanding gap

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Contacts

OCHA Ethiopia

Strategic Communications Unit

Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report
Background

Disclaimer

OCHA Ethiopia prepares this report with the support of Cluster Coordinators. The data/information collected covers the period from 3-9 May 2022. In some cases, access and communication constraints mean that updates for the period are delayed and cannot be reflected. Boundaries, names and designations of districts/zones indicated in the narration in the report do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Please contact ocha-eth-communication@un.org for any comment or question you may have on this publication. The next issue of the sitrep will be published on 19 May 2022.

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Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report
Background

Situation Overview

The overall situation in northern Ethiopia remained generally calm during the reporting period, but tense and volatile. The lines of contacts along the Amhara and Tigray regional border, Western Tigray and North-Western Tigray remained static with no incidents reported. Nonetheless, several locations in Amhara along the areas bordering Tigray remained hard to reach for partners’ humanitarian operations due to security concerns, including Abergele and Tsagibji kebeles, parts of Zequala kebeles in Wag Hamra Zone, large sections of Kobo in North Wello Zone, and in Addi Arekay in the North Gondar Zone. In Afar, clashes were reported in some areas in Zone 2 namely in Koneba, Berhale and Abala Woredas, affecting humanitarian operations and access to these areas. The extreme northern parts of Tigray region along the Eritrean border including Rama, Erob and Zala Anbessa continue to be inaccessible to humanitarian partners.

Humanitarian partners were able move additional aid supplies into Tigray via the Semera-Abala-Mekelle road during the reporting period. On 4 May, 16 trucks carrying about 589 metric tons (MT) of food and non-food items arrived in Mekelle. On 7 May, a convoy of 62 trucks carrying about 2,141 MT of food, shelter, water, sanitation, and hygiene items as well as protection and education items also arrived at Mekelle. In total, 250 trucks arrived in Mekelle through six humanitarian convoys since the resumption of the convoy movement on 1 April following, following an interruption of more than three months. While the arrival of humanitarian supplies is positive, it is still not enough to meet the growing humanitarian needs in the region. Around 6,400 MT of food, for instance, has been brought into Tigray by the main food partners. At least 4,675 MT of food commodities or 115 trucks, equivalent to a common food basket for around 276,000 people are required to move into Tigray every day to complete the current food distribution cycle by end of May. Meanwhile, the food that has arrived in Mekelle has been dispatched to prioritized Woredas and distribution is ongoing.

The 250 trucks arrived Mekelle included nine fuel trucks or roughly 400,000 liters, of which 18 per cent is used for the returning trucks, and the remaining used to dispatch the aid supplies to priority areas in Tigray. The last three convoys did not include any fuel. It is estimated that 200,000 liters of fuel are required per week for humanitarian operations in the region.

The continuing suspension of basic essential services, including banking, electricity, and communications is also compounding the constraints faced by humanitarian organizations to reach people in need. Nutrition partners, for instance, reported the lack of nutrition and food items to carry out the school feeding programs where an estimated 345,000 school children across the region need school meals. Eighty schools have reportedly closed in 32 Woredas and a further 641 schools are at risk of closure due lack of school feeding programs, security issues and extreme food shortages faced by teachers. It is estimated that more than 46,000 teachers across the region require immediate life-saving multi-purpose cash and food assistance to keep schools open.

Also in Amhara, the regional government authorities continued with the relocation of internally displaced people (IDPs) in Kobo and Sekota, although at a slower pace. To date, and since 14 March, they have relocated more than 20,000 people out of an estimated 58,000 registered IDPs planned for relocation from Kobo in North Wollo Zone to Jara, near Weldiya, the zonal capital. In Wag Hamra, more than 4,000 IDPs have been relocated to Weleh IDP site so far, out of an estimated 12,000 IDPs in the zone planned for relocation to the site. 

In Afar, the humanitarian situation continued to be dire with a high number of IDPs in need of support while the response and available resources are still insufficient to meet the amounting needs in the region.

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Visual

Humanitarian Access in northern Ethiopia

Northern Ethiopia - Access Map

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Situation Report
Emergency Response

Humanitarian Preparedness and Response

The humanitarian response operations in northern Ethiopia remain constrained by security concerns and administrative measures such as the inability to bring sufficient supplies, fuel, and cash to Tigray, limited access to people in hard-to-reach areas across northern Ethiopia, and limited presence of partners on the ground in some areas, including parts in Afar and Amhara and Western Zone in Tigray. Also, the current response is not meeting the increasing needs of those in need as the resources available are not matching the requirements.

After almost seven months since the start of Round 3 of food distribution in Tigray in mid-October 2021, partners have managed to assist around 1.5 million people, only 24 per cent of the total planned caseload. As each round, which is supposedly a six-week cycle, has stretched over months, it is estimated that on average, the distributed rations covered significantly less than the minimum caloric needs of the people assisted. The food cluster is working to improve coordination with smaller-scale, targeted food responses by local or non-traditional partners as well as one-off assistance by international partners to fill the gaps while the main food partners’ abilities to respond at scale as part of their activities is hindered by supply shortage. For instance, some partners have revised their initially planned cash assistance and brought supplies into Tigray for in-kind food distribution instead.

Between 28 April and 04 May, only slightly over 84,000 people were assisted with food in Adigrat, Mekelle, Sheraro and Tahtay Adiyabo towns. Due to stock shortage, around 33,000 people in Mekelle and Adigrat received one food commodity only (15 KG of wheat).

Twelve health partners provided healthcare services to affected people in 23 Woredas, out of the 88 Woredas, in five zones during the reporting week in Tigray. Only about 20,000 people, were reached with different health services including more than 8,500 people with outpatient consultations due to operational constrains including lack of fuel and heath supplies. It is estimated that 3.9 million people in Tigray need health care services and interventions.

In Amhara, between 2-8 May, food partners (INGOs) assisted nearly 6,000 people with food in Abergele woreda in Wag Hamra under round 4 distribution cycle. They also assisted assisted more than 96,000 people in North Wollo zone as part of 2022 bridging round distributions. In total, and as part of 2022’s round 1 distributions started on 10 March, more than 826,000 people have been assisted as of 9 May. Under round 5 distribution cycle started on 22 December 2021, and as of 9 May, food partners (Government, UN and INGOs) reached more than 10.4 million people with food support under. In addition, more than 80,000 pre-primary and primary school children, including more than 40,000 girls, were reached with school feeding services in the region during the reporting period.

Also in Amhara, more than 168,000 IDPs were reached with water trucking while more than 200,000, people reached through improving and rehabilitating water schemes.

In Jara IDP relocation site in Amhara, 35 communal shelters have been constructed since mid-March accommodating 172 families while considerable improvements have been achieved with the completion of non-food items distribution addressing 90 per cent of the needs of the 20,000 relocated people. Additional land is cleared to allow for the construction of additional shelters on the site. In Wag Hamra, only 120 shelters were constructed out of the required 256 shelters to date.

In Afar, between 2 and 8 May, WFP assisted more than 38,500 people with food in in Gulina, Teru, Yalo, Berahle and Dalol Woredas. Cumulatively, as of 9 May, food partners (the Government and the UN) have reached more than 834,000 people with food under this round since last week of February. Also in Afar, nearly 950 children aged 8-14, including 365 girls, attended alternative learning programs in 9 schools at Dubti Woreda. Education access was created for additional about 570 children, including 255 girls, in four centers at Awash Fentale Woreda.

About 90,000 people in Afar have been reached with water trucking through 23 trucks operating at IDP sites and Woredas with water shortage.

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Emergency Response

Funding Update

The cumulative funding gap for both the 2021 Mid-Year Review of the Humanitarian Response Plan and the 2021 revised Northern Ethiopia Response Plan stands at more than US$1.1 billion. An estimated $619 million has been mobilized towards the Northern Ethiopia Response Plan, and $656 million for response towards the Mid-Year Review Humanitarian Response Plan. However, this is far from sufficient to cover the humanitarian needs.

At the start of 2022, the Ethiopian Humanitarian Fund (EHF) carried over a balance of US$ 6.7 million, after committing $24.3 million for the second 2021 standard allocation. A total of $8 million received in confirmed contributions from the governments of Canada, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. An additional $6.4 million is  in the pipeline from the government of Sweden for 2022 programming. These will increase the EHF estimated fund balance to $21.1 million. The continued support from donors demonstrates efforts to mobilize resources to enable humanitarian partners delivering assistance to conflict and natural disasters-affected people. 

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Inter-sectoral gaps

Inter-sectoral gaps

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Cluster Status

Agriculture

Needs

  • Provision of seeds, irrigation schemes, and livestock interventions (animal health services and provision of supplementary animal feed) tosupport an estimated 3.7 million people in Tigray, 2.6 million people in Amhara, and 1.1 million people in Afar.

  • Rehabilitation and/or restoration of 100 partially damaged veterinary clinics across Tigray.

  • Provision on 60,000 MT (1,500 trucks) of fertilizer for the upcoming major agriculture season (Meher) in Tigray.

  • Provision of 49,000 MT of cereal seeds, mainly wheat, teff, barley, sorghum, maize, and pulses, 1,500 MT of vegetable seeds, 900 MT of potato seeds and 170 MT of assorted forage seeds to sustain production in Tigray.

  • Provision of 2,500 MT of pre-basic/basic seeds required for seed multiplication and production of seeds during 2022 irrigation and Meherseasons in Tigray.

  • Provision of 40,000 litres of insecticides and 34,000 litres of fungicides in Tigray.

  • Provision of 5,000 MT of animal feed to save poultry and dairy animals in Tigray

  • Provision of treatment and vaccinations for about 12 million livestock in Tigray to curb mortality.

Response

Gaps

  • Missing the Belg/Spring (mid-February-March) due to lack of seeds for planting during the rainy season in Tigray. For Meher season only 3 per cent out of the requirement 50,000MT of improved seeds, 3 percent out of requirement 1,500MT of vegetable seeds and 10 per cent out of the requirement 60,000MT of fertilizer being mobilized by partners.

  • Lack of veterinary vaccines and treatment drugs, and shortage of agrochemicals in Tigray.

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Cluster Status

Camp Coordination and Camp Management

Needs

  • Support for safe and dignified relocations of IDPs from schools to alternative shelters and for voluntary returns of IDPs to their places of origin in all northern Ethiopia, including the ongoing relocation in Amhara in North Wello, Wag Hamra and Debre Birhan in Amhara and the planned relocation in Afar notably in Zone 2.

  • Provision of CCCM support for 1.8 million people in Tigray.

  • Critical medications for people with chronic diseases and skin infections at IDP sites in Tigray. Scabies cases continue to increase in all IDP sites in North-Western Zone.

  • Food, non-food items, firewood, cooking oil, milling support, drinking water, dignity kits, blankets, mattresses, kitchen sets, medication, and education service and school materials for the displaced children at IDP sites across northern Ethiopia. 

  • Additional space to reduce the risk of communicable diseases, including COVID-19, and to provide privacy and protection at IDP sites across northern Ethiopia.

  • Support mechanisms for people living with disabilities in IDP sites.

Response

  • In Tigray, 308 households (1,769 people) out of the initial 314 households from two collective centers in Adigrat namely Finote Berhan and Meda Agame were supported to relocate to the new collective shelters on 7 May.

  • 109 new arrivals have been recorded in IDP sites of Shire as they moved from host community due to lack of cash to pay rent.

  • Three hand washing installed in Dahab Tesfay IDPs center in Shire.

  • 800 dignity kits distributed to women and girls in Guna and Aba-Woyane IDP sites in Shire.

  • 375 women and girls received non-food items items such as soap, jerry can, solar lamps, in BGI IDPs collective center while 500 women and girls received dignity kits in Dahab Tesday sites.

  • 200 people with scabies in Shire received soaps.

  • Cash assistance provided to 97 unaccompanied children and 35 gender-based survivors in IDPs sites in Shire.

  • Training provided on basic camp management to 25 local authorities’ officials in Adigrat, Tigray

  • In Amhara, a site feasibility assessment was carried out on 3 May at the new proposed relocation site in Wag Hamra known as Powercon.

  • Construction of communal kitchen at the Weleh relocation site during the reporting period.

  • Approximately 12.8 hectares of land have been cleared in Jara IDP site for erecting additional shelters.

  • Two-day training provided on basic camp management to 20 government officials in Bahir Dar, Amhara.

Gaps

  • Increased needs given the growing number of IDPs in Afar and Amhara versus the available resources.

  • Lack of information on IDPs including movement tracking in Afar.

  • Lack of sufficient CCCM partners in Amhara including in the new Jara and Weleh IDP sites.

  • Lack of suitable land for IDP sites set-up in Wag Hamra and Zarima, in Amhara due to the topography.

  • Material for site improvement activities in all IDP sites in Amhara due to procurement delays, and in Tigray due to lack of access.

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Cluster Status

Education

Needs

  • Reconstruction and rehabilitation of schools damaged by the conflict: 4,107 schools in Amhara (25 per cent completely damaged), affecting more than 1.8 million children; and at least 200 schools in Afar damaged, affecting more than 150,000 students and more than 1,000 schools were damaged or looted in Tigray affecting an estimated 160,000 students.

  • Provision of WASH facilities and access to clean water in conflict affected schools in northern Ethiopia.

  • Provision of scholastic material and education supplies, including chalk, blackboards and exercise books for 550,000 children in Tigray and 1.9 million children in Amhara.

  • School feeding for 345,000 children in Tigray and 2 million children in Amhara.

  • Psychosocial support for 4,400 teachers in Tigray and about 117,000 teachers in Amhara.

  • Construction of 167 temporary learning spaces in Tigray and 712 in Afar.

Response

  • In Tigray, scholastic materials for 2,500 students were procured to be distributed.

  • 104 education facilitators including 94 women received training on trauma informed teaching and psychological first aid in Tigray during the reporting week.

  • 337 IDP students, including 157 girls, were provided with a school meal to support their learning in Mekelle, Tigray.

  • High energy biscuits dispatched to Adigrat, Tigray, to start school-feeding program.

  • In Amhara, 45,994 pre-primary and primary school children, including 23,703 girls, in 84 schools in Wag Hamra Zone reached with school-feeding service. Additional 26,003 students including 12, 998 girls in 126 schools of Sekota Zuria, Worebabu, Habru, Raya Kobo and Bathi Zuria Woredas reached with school feeding services.

  • New school feeding program has started at Gazgibla Woreda. During the reporting period, 8,695 children including 4,492 girls, in 16 schools received high energy biscuits.

  • 90 mothers of children from 5 schools in East and West Dembia Woredas received cash assistance to generate income to provide food and learning materials for their children benefiting 269 children including 132 girls.

  • 7,551 children, including 3,497 girls have access to primary alternative education in Dembia, Chilga, Debark and Debat Woredas in Amhara and in 85 learning centers in 12 Woredas in North Shewa, Oromo N. South Wello, and North Wello Zones, Amhara.

  • 2,853 IDP children including 1,489 girls have access to pre-primary, primary and secondary education at Sekota town, and Zekual Woreda of Wag Hamra Zone.

  • Three-day training has been provided to 36 teachers and school principals, including 9 females, from 16 schools in Sekota town, and Sehala Woreda on learning tools.

  • In Afar, 944 children aged 8-14, including 365 girls, are attending alternative learning programs in 9 schools at Dubti district.

  • Education access has been created to 568 children aged 8-14, including 255 girls in four centers at Awash Fentale district.

Gaps

  • 245 schools in conflict affected areas in Afar remain closed, out of 1,195 schools in the region, affecting more than 53,000 students, and five schools are currently occupied by IDPs. In Amhara, more than 493 schools remain closed in North Gondar and North Wello zones affecting 230,232 students, while additional 97 schools are still occupied with IDPs and armed forces in North Wello, Wag Hamra and North Gondar zones affecting 39,201. It is estimated that 700,000 students in Amhara are still out of school.

  • Limited education partners in Amhara and Afar to deliver activities.

  • Lack of information on the number of schools damaged and extent of damage in Afar during the recent fighting.

  • Lack of food for school feeding programs in Tigray.

  • 80 schools have closed in 32 Woredas in Tigray and a further 641 schools are at risk of closure due to food insecurity, security issues and extreme food shortages faced by teachers.

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Situation Report

Cluster Status

Emergency Shelter & Non-Food Items

Needs

  • Adequate shelters and NFIs for IDPs living in highly congested and substandard living conditions across northern Ethiopia.

  • Provision of shelter and NFI assistance to IDPs willing to return to their areas of origin, and to IDPs currently living within host communities across northern Ethiopia.

  • Rental assistance schemes or other arrangements for IDPs living in host communities in northern Ethiopia.

  • In Tigray, maintenance work for Sabacare 4 IDP site in Mekelle and to over 700 shelters in Shire following the storm end of April. In addition, close to 8,000 people in Sheraro need shelter assistance and NFIs including new arrivals from Western Zone, and construction of 1,200 shelters Adi Abay relocation site to cover the shelter needs.

  • Provision of plastic sheets to repair or replace the damaged shelters in Tigray ahead of the rainy season.

  • In Amhara, 18,000 people in North Wello, 41,000 in Wag Hamra and 40,000 in North Shewa zones need emergency shelter NFIs. Construction of emergency shelter for 58,000 people in North Wello, 6,100 in Wag Hamra and 42,000 North Shewa zones is also required.

  • Provision of shelter for the 20,000 IDPs relocated to date to Jara and Weleh sites, Amhara.

  • In Afar, about 40,000 households need ES/NFI assistance.

Response

  • In Tigray, between 1 January 2022 and 9 May 2022, 112,725 people, including 57,490 women and girls were reached with ES/NFIs in Tigray out of the 2.4 million targeted population.

  • 507 IDP households received multipurpose cash assistance in Adigrat, Tigray.

  • A training on rental assistance response conducted during the reporting week for partners in Mekelle, Tigray.

  • Construction of 28 shelters in Mai Dimu relocation site in Tigray has started.

  • In Amhara, 35 communal shelters have been constructed in Jara IDP site since mid-March accommodating 172 families.

  • Non-food items distributed to 90 per cent of the 20,000 relocated people to Jara IDP site since mid-March.

  • In Wag Hamra IDP site in Amhara, 120 shelters were constructed out of the required 256 shelters.

  • Between 3 to and May 9, 4,324 returnees had received NFI assistance in South Wello Zone.

Gaps

  • Low response in Amhara, especially in North Wello and Wag Hamra zones due to resource limitations and increasing number of IDPs.

  • Limited partners presence in Afar and Amhara.

  • Delay in site preparation and clearing activities in the newly selected IDP sites in Amhara.

  • Lack of information on displaced people and host communities in hard-to-reach locations and in return locations across northern Ethiopia. Notably, absence of consolidated IDP figures and needs following the recent displacements in Afar.

  • Lack of detailed data on the return areas in Tigray for planning and implementation of post-return early recovery assistance.

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Cluster Status

Food

Needs

  • More than 9 million people need food assistance in northern Ethiopia and food assistance will be required throughout 2022 across northern Ethiopia.

  • Provision of food assistance in hard-to-reach areas in Tigray, Amhara and Afar. Increased food needs due to increased number of IDPs in parts of Amhara and in Afar.

  • Provision of food to the newly displaced people in Kobo Town in North Wollo Zone and in Sekota Town and Ziquala in Wag Hamra Zone, and provision of food to the 20,000 IDPs relocated to Jara and Weleh, Amhara.

  • In Afar, more than 600,000 people in the region are targeted for food assistance.

Response

  • In Tigray, between 28 April and 04 May, only 84,266 people were assisted with 1,385 MT of food in Adigrat town, Mekelle, Sheraro town and Tahtay Adiyabo. Due to stock shortage, around 33,000 people in Mekelle and Adigrat town received one food commodity only (15 KG of wheat) instead of a full food basket.

  • Cumulatively, partners have assisted 1,502,011 people with food in Mekelle, Central, Eastern, North-Western, South-Eastern, and Southern zones as of 4 May under Round 3, launched in mid-October 2021.This is only 24 per cent of the total caseload.

  • In Amhara, between 2-8 May, food partners (INGOs) assisted 5,899 people with 100 MT of food in Abergele woreda in Wag Hamra under round 4 distribution cycle.

  • INGO partners also assisted assisted 96,428 people in North Wollo zone with 1,634 MT of food As part of 2022 bridging round distributions.

  • Cumulatively, as of 9 May, food partners (Government, UN and INGOs) reached 10,432,975 people with 176,779 MT of food under Round 5 distributions since 22 December 2021. They have assisted 4,010,388 people with 67,826 MT of food under Round 4, which was launched on 21st of October 2021.

  • As part of 2022’s Round 1 distributions started on 10 March, 826,095 people have been assisted with 14,002 MT of food as of 9 May.

  • In Afar, between 02 and 08 May, WFP assisted 38,549 people with 653 MT of food under Round 5 food distribution in Gulina, Teru, Yalo, Barahle and Dalol Woredas. Cumulatively, as of 9 May, food partners (the Government and the UN) reached 834,323 people with 12,823 MT food under this round since last week of February.

Gaps

  • As of 9 May, partners remain with only around 650 MT of food commodities within Tigray whereby the majority of the stock is vegetable oil.

  • Lack of information about the food security situation in hard-to-reach areas in Afar, Amhara and Tigray.

  • The increased humanitarian needs in Jara IDP site requires constant monitoring of the response and ensure that identified vulnerable people are assisted with both food and non-food supplies.

  • Delayed compilation of beneficiary data and management in Amhara continues to delay food distributions in some areas, though efforts are made to liaise responsible entities to facilitate the process. Continuous disruption in food movement to conflict affected areas in Afar has resulted in delays in food dispatches and distributions.

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Cluster Status

Health

Needs

  • 3.9 million people in Tigray and more than 10 million people in Amhara need health services and interventions..

  • Provision of medical equipment, supplies, vaccines, and medicines including anti-retroviral medicines against HIV and tuberculosis, cholera kits, interagency emergency health kits (IEHKs), malaria and scabies’ medicines, severe acute malnutrition (SAM) kits, and reproductive health kits needed in Tigray.

  • Cholera vaccines for the second round of the oral cholera vaccination campaign and anti-rabies vaccines are needed in Tigray. About 1.6 million people in Tigray also need COVID-19 vaccination.

  • An estimated 888,000 children under five years in Tigray and more than 360,000 children in Amhara need polio oral vaccination.

  • Provision of food for health workers at health facilities in Tigray as incentive since they have not received salaries for the last eight months.

  • Provision of essential medical supplies, medicines, and cold chain equipment to Wag Hamra, North Wollo and South Wollo zones in Amhara.

  • Provision of family planning commodities and Vitamin A supplements in Woldiya, Dessie, Debark, Dabat, Debre Birhan Woredas and reproductive health kits in South Wello, Amahra.

  • Also in Amhara, more than 500 health facilities, and 1,706 health posts damaged and/or looted due to the conflict need rehabilitation and support.

  • In Afar, only 94 health facilities, or 22 per cent of the 414 facilities, are functional, including 2 hospitals and, 31 health centres. The facilities need to be rehabilitated/renovated and provided with the equipment and supplies needed to be operational.

  • Provision of medications, treatment, and access to health services. Malaria, typhoid fever, severe acute malnutrition, dysentery, and epidemic typhus were reported as top 5 diseases in Afar.

Response

  • In Tigray, twelve health partners provided healthcare services to the affected population in Tigray either through direct support to health facilities or through their Mobile Health and Nutrition Teams (MHNTs) in 23 Woredas out of the 88 targeted Woredas reaching 19,861 people, with different health services including 8,572 outpatient consultations.

  • A five-day training on the clinical management of rape was conducted for 20 health workers in Wukro, Tigray.

  • In Amhara, 27,361 people received life-saving essential health services during the reporting period, including 7,824 received out-patient consultations.

  • As of 29 April, there were 89 operational MHNTs operating in the region.

Gaps

  • Limited fuel and medical supplies leading to a reduction in the number of operating mobile health and nutrition teams (MHNTs) in Tigray from 57 a few months ago to 23 during the reporting period. The frequency of MHNTs’ field visits was also reduced due to lack of fuel and supplies.

  • Shortage of drugs, medical supplies, and equipment to restart essential health services at damaged/looted health facilities across in Amhara. Inadequate medical supplies for the MHNTs as well.

  • In Afar, the prevalence of malnutrition is increasing in all conflict-affected areas coupled with the limited humanitarian response for the new IDP sites, and shortage of medical supplies at IDP sites.

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Cluster Status

Logistics

Needs

  • Safe and sustained access and additional transportation routes via road and air to transport the required humanitarian supplies to Tigray.

  • Safe and sustained access to hard-to-reach areas in Amhara and Afar regions.

Response

Gaps

  • Lack of funding to airlift supplies to Tigray.

  • Lack of storage capacity in Bahir Dar in Amhara, and increased needs of transport in the region.

  • Insecurity limiting the capacity to dispatch supplies to areas near the conflict zones across northern Ethiopia.

  • Operational challenges along the Semera-Mekelle road.

  • Limited transporters to support Afar humanitarian response.

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Cluster Status

Nutrition

Needs

  • About 454,000 children are estimated to be malnourished in Tigray in 2022. Out of this about 116,000 are severely malnourished and more than 338,000 are moderately malnourished who need treatment. About 120,000 pregnant and lactating women (PLW) are malnourished. More than 460,000 children and more than 307,000 PLW need of supplementary feeding and about 667,000 PLW need blanket supplementary feeding.

  • In Amhara, an estimated 1.4 million children and PLW and an estimated 80,000 in Afar need preventative and treatment interventions for malnutrition.

  • Additional nutrition supplies (RUTF, F100, F75, RUSF, CSB++) to address the increasing malnutrition levels amongst children under five years and pregnant and lactating women across northern Ethiopia.

Response

  • In Tigray, 24,139 children under five were screened for malnutrition during the reporting period. Out of those screened, 497 cases identified with severe acute malnutrition or 2.1 per cent and 5,964 children or 24.7 per cent were identified with global acute malnutrition (GAM), above the 15 per cent global threshold.

  • Screening for pregnant and lactating women was also conducted with 7,306 screened of which 3,814 of them or 52.2 percent were identified as malnourished.

  • Following the screening, 714 cases were admitted in the outpatient therapeutic treatment for severe acute malnutrition, 39 children were admitted in the inpatient facility with severe acute malnutrition and medical complication. Additionally, 4,039 children were treated for moderate acute malnutrition, while 2,519 women were also treated for acute malnutrition.

  • 1,108 pregnant women received iron folic acid supplement.

  • 6,123 caregivers were reached with infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counselling.

  • In Amhara, six MHNTs (3 IDP sites and 3 health facilities) are operating in North Gondar Zone. During the reporting week, 421 children under five were screened in the zone in which five children or 1.2 per cent were diagnosed with SAM and 31 children or 7.4 per cent were diagnosed with MAM.

Gaps

  • In Tigray, nutrition partners are operating below capacity due to operational constrains, reaching less than 30 per cent of the monthly targets.

  • In Afar, low presence of nutrition partners in Kiblati Zone/Zone 2 limiting scaling up the response.

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Cluster Status

Protection

Needs

  • In Tigray, family tracing and reunification and alternative care services for unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) considering notably the ongoing IDPs return and relocation process.

  • Material support (tents, recreational kits) to establish and strengthen new and existing child-friendly spaces at IDP sites across northern Ethiopia.

  • Provision of protection services at IDP sites across northern Ethiopia, including child protection, gender-based violence (GBV) and Sexual GBV (SGBV) prevention and response, and mental and psychosocial support.

  • NFIs, including aid devices for persons with disability, and dignity kits for women and girls across northern Ethiopia.

  • Comprehensive GBV services mapping and localized referral mechanisms, health services for survivors, risk mitigation and prevention activities in northern Ethiopia.

  • Scale-up child protection services and referrals in all the three regions.

  • UXO, landmine and explosive awareness raising activities across northern Ethiopia.

  • Provision of safe space in Kulech Meda IDP site in North Gondar Zone in Amahara.

Response

  • In Tigray, 174 IDP households (303 people) of the expected 684 households were supported to return from Abi Adi to their home of origin in 53 Woredas in five zones. Returnees received cash for their transport.

  • In Amhara, 2,000 IDPs in Dabat, Kulechmeda and Zarima received multipurpose cash assistance.

  • 680 women and girls have received dignity kits at Debark IDP site and 376 women at Haik and Jara IDP sites, in Amhara.

  • Dignity kits and non-food items including pants and T-shirts, laundry and body soap, hair oil and hairbrushes distributed for IDP adolescent girls in Kulech Meda IDP site, Amhara.

  • IDP households in Mekane Selam received mattresses, blankets, jerricans, plastic washing basins and kitchen utensils.

Gaps

  • Lack of well-developed alternative care system in Tigray for UASC, and lack of family tracing, reunification, and alternative care due to lack of cash and material for the reunification package.

  • Lack of tailored services for children with special needs in Tigray.

  • Lack of health, education services and food items for referred children and caregivers in Afar.

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Northern Ethiopia - Humanitarian Update

Situation Report

Cluster Status

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

Needs

  • Rehabilitation of sanitation facilities at schools used to shelter IDPs following their relocation across northern Ethiopia.

  • Adequate provision of WASH services to prevent disease outbreaks at IDP sites across northern Ethiopia.

  • About 9,300 water points or more than 54 per cent of the 17,080 water points in Tigray are not functional affecting the access of more than 3.5 million people to safe drinking water.

  • In Tigray, about 418,000 IDPs in 131 sites require 295 trips of water trucking every day which requires 1,990 litres of fuel daily.

  • Construction of more than 17,000 latrines at IDP sites in Tigray.

  • According to regional authorities in Afar, more than 336,000 IDPs in 11 sites in the region require 168 trips of water trucking every day to fill the minimum standard of 10 litre of water per day water per person.

  • In Afar, construction of 560 latrine blocks and bathing shelters in IDP sites, and solid waste management in all 11 IDP sites.

  • In Amhara, provision of WASH services in the new relocation IDP sites.

Response

  • In Amhara, more than 168,660 IDPs were reached with water trucking while more than 200,000, people reached through improving and rehabilitating water schemes.

  • 6,865 IDPs were reached with WASH non-food items in Amhara.

  • More than 34,000 people in Amhara were reached with hygiene promotion and sensitization activities and 48,000 people reached by providing sanitation facilities.

  • In Afar, about 90,000 people have been reached with water trucking through 23 trucks which are operating at IDP sites and Woredas with water shortage (six in Afdera, six in Guyah, two in Semera, three in Dubti town including Dubti hospital, one each in Gewane, Asabulo and Mudina, Mille Waledu kebele, Gutikoma, Gilfo and Dirma).

  • Two roto tanks with a capacity of 10,000 liters delivered to Gutikoma IDP site.

  • Three blocks of semi-permanent communal latrine were constructed at Afdera IDP sites.

  • Construction of four blocks of bathing shelter were completed in Guyah IDP site.

Gaps

  • Limited water quality monitoring due to lack of supplies in Tigray.

  • Low stock of key WASH NFIs, including water treatment chemical, water containers and hygiene supplies in Tigray, Afar and Amhara.

  • Pumps, generators, pipes, and roto tanks supply for the damaged water supply schemes in Afar.

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